Article

Name: The Phenomenon of Cultural Expansion of Raznochintsy of 1860s: The Literary Niche “Folk-Writers”

Authors: T. I. Pecherskaya

Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University (Novosibirsk, Russian Federation)

Abstract: The article considers emergence of writers-raznochintsy of young generation (N. Uspensky, A. Levitov, F. Reshetnikov, N. Pomyalovsky etc.) in the Russian Literature of the 1860s. These writers brought “the bad writing” as “a new word” in the Russian Literature. The subject of research is model of literary and domestic behavior of this generation of “folk-writers” and its difference from the model of behavior of writers-raznochintsy of previous generation based on sample of a “new man”. Features of socio-cultural and domes- tic behavior are as follows: 1) in spite of certain centers of attention to themselves (“Contemporary”, “Russian word”), these writers have not become part of the journal-editorial communities and, as a rule, did not develop general ideas; 2) the declaration of independence was “supported” by alienation from the way of life adopted in the circle of the magazine raznochintsy intelligentsia; their way of life was ostentatiously marginal; 3) the new generation is characterized by “Bohemian”, wandering life, begging, alcohol abuse and other manifestations of “asociality”. In the end we draw a conclusion that the literary reputa- tion of carriers of new word about common people by a man of the common people created at the initial stage by criticism, and then supported by self-description called to literary life the phenomenon of “folk-writer”; the literary niche was created deliberately according to the theory of social realism as a new direction in the post Gogol’s period of literature development.

Keywords: writers-raznochintsy, the literary niche, model of socio-cultural behavior, “Contemporary”, “Russian word”, N. Uspensky, A. Levitov, F. Reshetnikov, N. Pomyalovsky

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