Article

Name: Typological Features of the Category of Evidence in the Languages of Indigenous Ethnic Groups of North Asia

Authors: Lyudmila A. Ilyina

Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

Abstract:

The article examines the typological features of the verbal category of evidentiality, the semantic components of which – grammemes of evidence – are expressed by morphological indicators of verbal forms.

The main typological features of the verbal category of evidentiality in the diachrony of the languages of indigenous ethnic groups of North Asia are identified and substantiated: the presence of an opposition of direct / indirect evidence, covering all verbal forms that play the role of a predicate in reports of real situations; the presence of a subcategory of sensory evidence with the opposition of grammemes indicating visual / non-visual (hearing, smell, touch, general sensations) perception of real situations; the obligation to indicate in reports about real situations the sources of the information being reported.

Based on the material of archaic documented sections of the Samoyed and Yukaghir languages, represented by folklore texts, the communicative functions of evidential grammemes of sensory attestation in the traditional sphere of sacred communication were traced, which made it possible to substantiate the conclusion about the organic connection of sensory evidential grammemes with the traditional etnic culture of the Samoyeds and Yukaghirs.

Keywords: grammaticalized evidentiality, languages of North Asia, sensory-evidential gram- memes, Samoyed languages, Yukaghir languages, ancient communicative functions, sacred communication, sociocultural determination

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